Theosophical Society
Sanskrit Glossary
& Pronunciation Guide
A
abhasa
[pronunciation: aabhaas]: reflection of consciousness
abhijna
[ubhij^na]: direct perception
abhimana
[ubhimaan]: attachment
abhyasa
[ubhyaas]: practice
abhyasi
[ubhyaasi]: one who practices
achala [uchul]:
unmoving; hill or mountain
achit
[uchit]: not sentient
acharya
[uchurya]: scholar, learned man; a term of respect
adhama [
]: lowest grade
adhara
[aadhaar]: support
adhishtana
[udhishthaan]: substratum
adhridha
[udhr^dh]: weak; not firm
adhyaropa
[udhyaarop]: superimposition
adhyasika
[udhyaasik]: superimposed
advaita
[udvait]: non-duality; incorrectly termed monism; a system
of thought
and a vedantist sect founded by Shankara
advaitin [
]: non-dualist
adya
[aadyaa]: primordial; original
adyatmika
sakti [aadyaatmik sh^akti]: power of the Self
agami (a.
karma) [aagaami karm]: actions of the present life
expected
to bear fruit in future births
agni [ ]:
fire
aham
[uhum]: embodied self; soul; the ego; the sense of "I"
aham
Brahmasmi [uhum bruhmaasmi]: I am Brahman
aham
sphurana [uhum sphurun]: the throb of Self-bliss in the heart
aham
svarupa [uhum svuroop]: one's true nature
aham
vritti [vr^tti]: the 'I'-thought
ahankara
[uhunkaar]: 'I' sense; ego-self; 'the doer'
ahimsa
[uhimsaa]: nonviolence
ajna
[aaj^naa]: direction; injunction
ajnana
[uj^naan]: ignorance; knowledge of diversity
ajnani
[uj^naani]: one who has not realized the Self; unenlightened;
ignorant
of the Self
akara
[aakaar]: form or shape
akasa
(akasha) [aakaash^]: ether; space
akriptopasaka
[ukriptopaasuk]: one who has not done upasana or
meditation
alayavijnana
[ ]: pure, self-existent consciousness
amrita [umrit]:
immortal
amritanadi
[umritunaadi]: the channel for the flow of consciousness
from the
Heart (Source) to the mind; the path by which it travels is
termed
archis
anadi
[unaadi]: without beginning
ananda
[aanund]: bliss; happiness; joy; Transcendence attained
primarily
through the affections manifests more as Bliss than as
Knowledge
anandatman
[aanundutmun]: self in the state of bliss
ananta [ununt]:
endless; infinite
anartha
[unurtha]: evil; worthless
anatman
[unaatmun]: non-Self
anava
[aanuv]: limitation
anichcha
[unichchh; conjunct 'ch' and 'chh', pronounced without any
vowel
between; good luck!]: involuntary
anitya
[unitya]: transitory
antah
(antar) [untuH (untur)]: internal
antah
karanam (antahkarana) [untuH kurun(uM)]: means of perception;
the mind;
the ego; the thinking power
antah
pranayama [untuH praanaayaam]: internal breath-regulation
antardhana
[unturdhaan]: disappearance from sight
antarmukha
drishti [unturmukh dr^shti]: inward vision
antarmukti
manas [unturmukti munus]: inward-turned mind; mind
retained
in the Heart
anu [unu]:
atom
anubhava
[unubhuv]: experience; realization
anushthana
[unushthaan]: practice; attainment of knowledge
anuttara samyak
sambodhi [unuttur sumyuk sumbodhi]: see samyak
sambodhi
ap [aap]:
water
apana
[upaan]: the life-force that goes down
apara
[upur]: the lower; inferior
aparoksha
[upurok^sh]: direct; immediate; direct experience (as
opposed to
sensory experience)
apavada
[upuvaad]: removal
aprana
[upraan]: beyond manifest life; devoid of life
arati [ ]:
divine service performed in the early morning or at dusk
archis [
]: see amritanadi
artha
[urtha]: money
arudha
[aarudh]: attainment
aruna
[urun]: red
arupa
[uroop]: formless; timeless being
asamsakti
[usumsh^ukti]: non-attachment; one of the seven stages of
enlightenment
asamskrta
[usunskr^t]: not pertaining to the impermanent; Chinese wu
wei
asana
[aasun]: yogic posture
asat
[usut]: unreal
asesha
sakshi [ush^esh saak^shi]: witness of all
ashram [
]: hermitage
ashtanga
Yoga [ushtaang yog]: Yoga consisting of eight stages of
discipline
asrama
[aash^rum]: one of the four life-stages of a spiritual
seeker; the
dwelling of a sage and his followers
asraya [
]: ground of Reality (as opposed to movement)
asthira
[usthira]: unsteady
asuddha
[ush^uddh]: bliss
asukavi
[usukuvi]: one who can versify impromptu
asura [usur]:
demon; similar to a Titan or fallen angel
ati jagrat
[uti jaagrut]: beyond waking
ati sunya
[uti sh^oonya]: beyond the void
atiasrama
(atyasrama) [utiaash^rum]: above the four stages of life
atita
[uteet]: beyond
atma
(atman) [aatm(un)]: the Self; principle of life and sensation;
I AM; subjective moment of
consciousness; in the highest sense, the
Universal Spirit or the Supreme
Soul of the Universe (see Paramatman)
atma
dhyana [aatma dhyaan]: contemplation on the Self
atma jnani
[aatma j^naani]: one who has realized the Self
atma
nishta [aatma nisht]: abiding in the Self
atma
prajna [aatma pruj^naa]: innate Self-consciousness
atma prema
[aatma prem]: Self-love
atma sakti
[aatma sh^ukti]: power of the Self
atma
siddhi [aatma siddhi]: Self-realization
atma
vichara [aatma vichaar]: inquiry into the Self
atma vidya
[aatma vidya]: knowledge of the Self
atmasakshatkara
[ ]: Self-realization; enlightenment
atmanusandhana
[aatmunusundhun]: thinking constantly of the Self
atyanta
vairagyam [utyunt vairugyum]: total dispassion
avarana
[aavurun]: covering
avastha
traya [uvusthaa truya]: the three states of consciousness,
namely
waking, dream and sleep
avatar
[uvutaar]: incarnation of God
avidya
[uvidyaa]: nescience; ignorance of our true nature; all
consciousness
or knowledge, so long as it is restricted to the
subject-object
manifold
avritta
chakshus [aavr^tt chuk^shus]: introverted look
ayatana
[aayutun]: repository
B
bahir
pranayamam [buhir praanaayaam]: external breath regulation
bahir
mukha drishti [buhir mukh dr^shti]: outward turned
consciousness
bahir
mukhi manas [buhir mukh munus]: letting the mind go out of the
Heart; externalization
bahudaka
[buhooduk]: a sannyasin who wanders about
bahya
[baahya]: external
bala
[baal]: child
bandha
[bundh]: bondage
bandha
hetu [bundh hetu]: cause of bondage
beeja
[beej]: seed (see bija)
Bhagavad-gita [bhuguvud geet]:
Hindu religious scripture, "almost
wholly in
the form of a dialogue between
Self, the Atman, or Cosmic
Consciousness, and Arjuna, who
symbolizes
the egoistic man of action. It gives a brief resume of the
Roads by which
most
important manuals that point the Way to Cosmic Consciousness."
(Franklin Merrell-Wolff)
bhagavan
[bhuguvun]: God; the Lord; one who has realized his
identity
with the Self
bhajan (bhajana)
[bhujun]: worship (of the Lord); singing God's
praises,
esp. in chorus
bhakta
[bhukt]: devotee
bhakti
[bhukti]: devotion; love (of God)
bhakti
marga [bhukti maarg]: path of devotion
bharata
[bhurut]: shining soul
bhashyakara
[bhaashyukur]: commentator
bhavana
[bhaavun]: contemplation of a personified deity with great
emotion
bheda
[bhed]: difference; differentiation
bhikshu
[bhik^shu]: Buddhist monk, literally beggar
bhoga
[bhog]: enjoyment
bhogya
vasta [ ]: child
bhogyam
[bhogyuM]: that which is enjoyed
bhokta
[bhokt]: enjoyer
bhuma
[bhoomaa]: all-comprehensive; the Absolute
bhumika
[bhoomikaa]: stage
bhutatathata
[ ]: the Absolute viewed as the universal womb
bija
[beej]: seed; source
bija-mantra
[beej muntra]: a one-word seed-mantra or exclamation of
power
bodha [bodh]: knowledge; Truth
bodhi
[bodhi]: enlightenment; full illumination; the opposite of
avidya
bodhisattva
[bodhisuttva]: destined for enlightenment but wants to
take all
beings along
bodhikaya
[bodhikaaya]: the body of the Absolute viewed as the fruit
of
enlightenment
Brahma [bruhm]: Lord of Creation;
God as the Creator; "I am present"
brahmachari
[bruhmuchaari]: a celibate; student stage of life
brahmacharya
[bruhmuchurya]: celibacy
Brahmaivaham [bruhmaivaahuM]:
Brahman am I
Brahmajnana [bruhmuj^naan]:
realization of one's absolute being
Brahmajnani [bruhmuj^naani]: one
who has realized the Self
brahmakaravritti
[bruhmaakaaruvr^tti]: concept in the form of Brahman
Brahman [bruhmun]: the Universal
Self; the Absolute
Brahmanishta [bruhmaanishtha]: one
who is established in Brahman
Brahmarandhra [ ]:
Brahma-aperature; opening in the crown of the
head;
fontanelle; "the tiniest of aperatures, in which is the
silent,
primordial sound, which gives you the impression that you
are, but you really
are not" (Nisargadatta)
Brahmavid [bruhmuvid]: one who has
realized Brahman
Buddha [buddh]: one who is aware; a
synonym for the Buddhakaya or
Absolute state, where the Real Self
is known for what it is
buddhi
[same]: intellect; one of the four aspects of the internal
organ;
"It is also Compassion, in the highest sense, the very Soul
of the Law
of Harmony or Equilibrium" (Franklin Merrell-Wolff)
C
chaitanya
[chaitunya]: consciousness
chakra
[chukra]: wheel; subtle center of energy in the body
chakshus
[chuk^shus]: eye
chanchala
[chunchula]: changing, fickle
chandrayana
[ ]: particular method of expiatory fasting
chela [ ]:
student; disicple
chidabhasa
[chidaabhaas]: reflected consciousness
chidakash
[ ]: consciousness
chidananda
[chidaanund]: bliss of the Self
chidvyoman
(chitt vyoman) [chidvyomun]: expanse of consciousness
chinmaya
[chinmuya]: full of consciousness
chinta
[chintaa]: thought, idea
chintamani
[chintaamuni]: wish-fulfilling gem
chit
[same]: Absolute Intelligence, universal consciousness
chitakasa
[ ]: Mental ether (all-pervading)
chit jada
granthi [chit jud grunthi]: the knot between pure
consciousness
and the insentient body; the ego
chitta
[chitt]: memory aspect of mind; the mental mode turned
towards
objects
chitta
nirodha [chitt nirodh]: control of mind
chitta
suddhi [chitt sh^uddhi]: purity of mind
chitta
vilasa [chitt vilaas]: play of mind
chittaikograta
[chittaikogrutaa]: one-pointedness of mind
D
dahara
vidya [duhuraa vidyaa]: contemplation of the deity in the
heart
dana
[daan]: gift; alms; relinquishment
darsan(a),
darshan [dursh^un]: seeing; vision
dasi
[daasee]: courtesan
deha(m)
[deha(M)]: body; existence
'deham,
naham, koham, soham' I am the body; I am not the body; who
am I? I am
He.
dehatma
buddhi [dehaatma buddhi]: I-am-the-body
dehavasana
[dehuvaasunaa]: attachment to the body
deva
[devaaH]: a god or celestial being
devakanya
[ ]: a class of minor female divinity
devata
[devutaa]: a goddess
Devi [same]: the Divine Mother; a
goddess
dharana
[dhaarunaa]: concentration of mind; one of the eight stages
of Raja
Yoga
dharma
[dhurmuH]: teaching of Buddha; universal law; way or path; an
entity of
any sort - thing, idea, concept, etc; virtuous deeds;
harmonious
life; natural duty; inherent qualities
dharmakaya
[dhurmukaayaa]: the Dharma-Body or the Absolute, viewed
as the
Ultimate Reality with which Buddhas or Enlightened Beings are
one and
indivisible
dharma
dhatu [dhurm dhaatu]: the Absolute, i.e. the Dharma-Realm
Dharma Raja [dhurm raaj]: the
Buddha
dharma
sastri [dhurm sh^aastri]: one well-versed in the scriptures
relating
to dharma
dhatu(s)
[dhaatu]: humors; constituent elements of the body
dhriti
[dhr^tiM]: steadfastness
dhyana
[dhyaan]: meditation; contemplation; the seventh rung in the
eightfold
ladder of yoga
dhyana
siddhi [dhyaan siddhi]: successful meditation
dikpalas
[dikpulus]: gods who protect the various quarters
diksha
[dik^sh]: spiritual initiation
divya
chakshus [divya chuk^shus]: divine eye
drashta
[drushtaa]: seer
dridha
[dr^dh]: firm
drik
[dr^k]: he who sees; the subject
drishti
[dr^shti]: look; seeing
drishti
srishti [dr^shti sr^shti]: simultaneous creation
drisya [dr^sh^ya]:
that which is seen; the object
drisya
vilaya [dr^sh^ya viluya]: disappearance of the objective world
drisyanuviddha
[dr^sh^yaanuviddh]: associated with something seen
dukha
[dukh]: misery; frustration
dvaita [dvait]:
duality
dvandva
[dvundv]: pair of opposites
dvividha
(dwividha) [dvividh]: two-fold
E
eka [ek]:
one
ekagrata
[ekaagrutaa]: concentration
ekanta
vasa [ekaant vaas]: free from mental concepts; "dwelling in
mental
solitude"
G
Ganapati [gunuputi]: the elder son
of Siva, the remover of
obstacles;
same as Ganesha, the chief of Siva's hosts
ganapati
[gunuputi]: consciousness
ganesan [
]: darkness
ganja
[gunj]: a narcotic; hashish
gate
[guta]: gone
gatha [ ]:
a verse, usually of a sacred kind
Gayatri [gaayutri]: a sacred Vedic
mantra
gita
[geet]: song
gnana
[j^naan]: see jnana
gnani
[j^naani]: see jnani
gopuram
[same]: temple tower
granthi
[grunthi]: knot
granthi nasam
[grunthi naash^um]: destruction of the knot (of
ignorance)
grihastha
[gr^husthaaH]: householder
grihini
[gr^hini]: housewife
guna(s)
[gun]: the three fundamental qualities, tendencies or
stresses
that underlie all manifestations: sattva, rajas and tamas
gunatita
[gunaateet]: one who has transcended the gunas
guru
[same]: a spiritual master
guru kripa
[guru kr^puH]: guru's grace
H
hamsa
[hums]: advanced sannyasi
Hanuman [ ]: a powerful deity, son
of the Wind god; great devotee of
Sri Rama; famous monkey who helped
Rama in his fight with Ravana
hasta
[hust]: hand
hatha yoga
[hutha yog]: a form of yoga involving body postures, and
for
gaining control over Prana
hetu
[same]: cause, reason
hinayana
[heenuyaan]: one of the two major divisions of Buddhism;
prevalent
in
hiranyagarbha
[hirunyugurbh]: universal consciousness; cosmic mind;
cosmic
egg; the Unmanifested mind (see mahat tattva), the "golden
womb"
homa
[hom]: sacrifice in fire
hridaya(m)
[hr^duya(M)]: heart; spiritual center of the body
hridaya
granthi [hr^duya grunthi]: knot of the heart; the idea that
one is
one's body
hrit
[hr^t]: heart
hrit
pundarika [hr^t pundureek]: the heart lotus
I
ichcha
[ichchh; conjunct 'ch' and 'chh', pronounced without any
vowel
between]: desire; will
idam
[idum]: this
Indra [indraa]: Lord of the devas;
first student of Brahma vidya
indriya(s)
[indriyuH]: senses
Isa [eesh^]: Supreme Lord
ishta
devata [isht devutaa]: the god one likes to worship
Isvara (Iswara) [eesh^vur]: God;
the Supreme Being in His aspect of
Lord of the worlds
Isvara anugraha [eesh^vur unugruha]:
God's grace
Isvara drishti [eesh^vur dr^shti]:
seeing everything as God
Isvara prasada [eesh^vur prusaad]:
God's grace
Isvara svarupa [eesh^vur svuroop]:
the true form of God
J
jada
[jud]: insentient
jaganmaya
[jugunmaaya]: the mystery of the world
jagat
[jugut]: world; changing
jagrat
[jaagrut]: waking state
jagrat
sushupti [jaagrut sushuptiH]: aware or awake while asleep;
being
aware but not concerned
jai
[same]: victory
jala
[jula]: water
janma
[junma]: birth
japa
[jup]: repetition of a sacred word or syllable or name of God
japa karta [jup
kurtaa]: one who does japa
jirna
[jeern]: decayed
jiva
[jeev]: individual soul or ego
jivanmukta
[jeevunmukt]: realized soul
jivanmukti
[jeevunmukti]: liberation while alive
jivatman
[jeevaatmun]: the individual self
jnana(m)
[j^naan(aM)]: knowledge of the Absolute; enlightenment;
Supreme Knowledge; Self-realization
jnana
bhumika(s) [j^naan bhoomikaa]: stages of knowledge (seven)
jnana chakshus
[j^naan chuk^shus]: eye of wisdom
jnana
drishti [j^naan dr^shti]: wisdom-insight
jnana
grantha [j^naan gruntha]: Vedantic works
jnana
lakshana [j^naan luk^shun]: sign of wisdom
jnana
marga [j^naan maarg]: path of knowledge
jnana
vichara [j^naan vichaar]: inquiry regarding knowledge
jnana yoga
[j^naan yog]: the method of realizing the Absolute
through
knowledge
jnanagni
[j^naanaagni]: fire of wisdom
jnanameva
chakshus [ ]: All-seeing eyes
jnanendriya
[j^nunendriya]: sense organ
jnani
[j^naani]: sage; one who has realized the Self
jothi
(jyoti) [jyotiH]: light; effulgence
K
Kailas [kailaas]: a mountain in the Himalayas reputed to be the home
of Siva
kaivalya
[kaivulya]: Absolute Oneness; final emancipation
kali yuga
[kuli yug]: the last of the four ages of the world
kalpana
[kulpunaa]: idea; imagination of the mind; creation
kantha
[kuntha]: throat
kanthabharana
[kunthaabhurun]: neck ornament
kanya
[kunyaa]: virgin
kara [ ]:
a combining form meaning achieved or achievement
karana
[kaarun]: cause
karana
sarira [kaarun sh^ureer]: causal body
karma
[kurm]: action; work; deeds; also the result of action
karma
marga [kurm maarg]: path of ritual, religious duties, and
action
karma
samya [kurm saamya]: good and bad actions in equal proportions
karma
traya [kurm truya]: the three kinds of karma, namely sanchita,
agami and
prarabdha
karma yoga
[kurm yog]: the spiritual path of action
karmendriya
[kurmendriya]: organ of action
karpura
arati [kurpoor aaruti]: the waving of lighted camphor during
puja
karta
[kurtaa]: he who does an act; doer
kartrtva
[kurtr^tva]: doership
kartrtva
buddhi [kurtr^tva buddhi]: sense of being the doer
kashaya
[kushaaya]: latent impurity
kashaya
[kaashaaya]: ochre-colored garment
kayakalpa [kaayukulp]:
medicinal preparation for prolonging life
kayasiddhi
[kaayusiddhi]: making the body proof against injury
kendra [
]: center; heart
kevala
kumbhaka [kevul kumbhuk]: retention of breath leading to
stilling of the mind
kevala
nirvikalpa [kevul nirvikulp]: the state of remaining without
concepts;
bliss of vijnana
kevala
samadhi [kevul sumaadhi]: samadhi in which activities of body
and mind
are only merged
khanda
[khund]: division
khyati
[khyaati]: theory
klesa
[klesh^]: a defilement, passion etc.
kousalam
[koush^ulum]: skill
kosa [ ]:
sheath
krama
mukti [krum mukti]: liberation by degrees
krama
srishti [krum sr^shti]: gradual creation
krida
[kr^d]: play; pastime
kritopasaka
[kritopaasuk]: one who has done upasana or meditation
kriya [ ]:
physical action
krodha
[krodh]: anger
kshanti
[k^shunti]: forebearance
kshetra
[k^shetra]: temple; in Yoga, field of the body
Kshetrajna [k^shetruj^na]: the conscious principle (Knower) in the
field of
the body; the absolute witness of the three states of the
self -
waking, dream and sleep
kshipta
[k^shipt]: active
kumbha
[kumbh]: pot used for keeping water
kumbhaka
[kumbhuk]: retention of breath
kumkuma
[same]: vermilion powder applied to the forehead
kundalini
[kundulini]: primordial cosmic energy located in the
individual;
mystic circle of three and a half coils situated in the
umbilical
region; yogic principle of serpent power
kutichaka
[kuteechuk]: a sannyasin who lives permanently in a hut
kuvasana
[kuvaasun]: bad tendency
L
laghu
[lughu]: light; easy
lakshana
[luk^shun]: sign; definition
lakshya
[luk^shya]: aim; target; goal; attention
lakshyartha
[luk^shyaartha]: implied meaning
laya
[luya]: dissolution; merging; in Yoga, absorption of breath and
mind in
the heart
lila
(leela) [leela]: play or sport
linga [ling]:
symbol
linga
sarira [ling sh^ureer]: subtle body
loka
[lok]: world; that which is seen
loukika
[loukik]: worldly
M
madhya
[mudhya]: center; mixed; middling
madhyama
[mudhyum]: a stage in uttering sounds; middle grade
mahadakash
[ ]: the entire universe; world of action
maha [ ]:
great
maharshi
(Maha Rishi) [muhur^shi]: great rishi or sage
mahaparinirvana
[muhaapurinirvaan?]: ultimate Nirvana (Nirvana can
be
achieved in this lifetime; ultimate Nirvana then follows at death)
mahasunya
[muhaash^oonya]: great void
mahat
[muhut]: intellectual principle as source of ahankara
mahat
tattva (mahattava) [muhaat tuttva]: essential principle of
being; the
great principle (from the Absolute emantes the
Unmanifest, from it Mahat, and from
Mahat the ahankara)
mahatma [muhaatmaa]:
lofty soul; highly spiritual person
mahavakya(s)
[muhaavaakyaa]: the four main sentences proclaiming the
truth of
Brahman, one from each Veda
mahayana
[muhaayaan]: one of the two major divisions of Buddhism,
prevalent
in the more northerly countries of
Japan etc.
Mahesvara [muhesh^vuraH]: one of
the five aspects of Siva, as
veiling
the Truth from souls till their karma is completely worked
out; also,
Siva as Para-Brahman, the Absolute
malaparipaka
[mulupuripaak]: complete removal of impurity
malina
[mulin]: impure
manana
[munan]: constant thinking over what has been heard;
reflection;
meditation; the second of the three stages of Vedantic
realization
manas
[munus]: mind, reason, mentality; also used for the aggregate
of chitta,
buddhi, manas and ahankara
mani
[muni]: jewel
manolaya
[munoluya]: (temporary) subsidence of the mind; dissolution
of the
mind into its cause
manomaya
kosa [munomaaya kosh^]: sheath of mind
manonasa
[munonaash^]: extinction of the mind
manonigraha
[munonigruha]: rendering the mind quiescent
manta
[muntaa]: thinker
mantra
(mantram) [muntra(M)]: sacred syllable(s) used in meditation
mantra
japa [muntra jap]: repetition of a mantra
marana
[muruN]: causing death through supernatural powers
marga
[maarg]: path
maru
marichika [muru mureechikaa]: mirage seen in a desert
math
(mutt) [ ]: meeting place; abode of Sadhus
mati
[muti]: thinking power
mauna
[same]: see mouna
maya
[maayaa]: illusion; the power of Brahman by which it manifests
the world;
the veiling and projecting power of the universe
maya vada
[maayaa vaad]: the doctrine of maya
mayavadi [
]: one who says the world is an illusion
mayasakti
[maayaash^ukti]: the power of maya
medha
[medhaa]: intellect
mitha [ ]:
non-existent
mithya
[mithyaa]: the false; unreal
moda
[mod]: joy which is higher than priya
moksha
[mok^sh]: Liberation; freedom from transmigration
moodha
[moodh]: dull
moola
[mool]: root; source
mooladhara
[moolaadhaar]: one of the yogic centers of the body
mouna
(mauna) [same]: Silence; the Truth of Brahman, expressed by
the
Brahman-knower by his mere abidence in stillness
mouna
diksha [ ]: initiation by silence
mriga
trishna [mr^g tr^shn]: water of a mirage
mudra
[mudraa]: hand pose in worship and dance
mukta
[same]: one who is liberated
mukti
[same]: Liberation
mula [ ]:
origin; root; base
mulavidya
[moolaavidyaa]: primal ignorance
mumukshu
[mumuk^shu]: one who aspires to Liberation; the first
stage,
when the seeker feels that there is something beyond this
material
universe but is still identified with his body-mind; the
next stage
is that of the sadhaka
mumukshutva
[mumuk^shutva]: desire for Liberation
muni
[same]: sage; austere person
murti
[same]: idol
N
na medhaya
[nuh medhuya]: not by the intellect
nada
[naad]: mystic sound; subtle sound accompanied by an effulgence
nadasvaram
[naadusvurum]: the pipe of the South Indian piper
nadi(s)
[naadi]: yogic nerves conveying the life force; main ones
are Ida,
Pingala and Sushumna
naham
[naahum]: I am not
naishtika
brahmacharya [naishtik bruhmuchurya]: lifelong celibacy
nama
[naam]: name; the name of God
nama japa
[naam jup]: repetition of the name of God
nama
sankirtan [naam sungkeertun]: singing the names of God
nama
smarana [naam smurun]: remembering and repeating the name of
God
namarupa
[numurup]: name and form; the nature of the world
namaskar(a)
[numuskaar]: homage; prostration before God or Guru
nana
[naanaa]: diversity
naraka
[nuruk]: hell
nasa
[naash^]: destruction
nava
[nuv]: new
neti-neti
[same]: "not this, not this"; negating all names and forms
in order
to arrive at the eternal underlying truth
nididhyasana
[nididhyaasun]: the last of the three stages of
vedantic
realization; uninterrupted contemplation
nijananda
[nijaanund]: true bliss
nirakara
upasana [niraakaar upaasunaa]: meditation on the formless
nirasa
[niraash^]: desirelessness
nirguna
[nirgun]: without attributes
Nirgunabrahman [ ]: the impersonal,
attributeless Absolute
nirguna upasana
[nirgun upaasunaa]: meditation on the attributeless
Brahman
nirmanakaya
[ ]: the Body of Transformation in which Buddhas and
Bodhisattvas take on physical
characteristics similar to those of
ordinary beings
for the purpose of delivering such beings
nirodha
[nirodh]: control
nirvana
[nirvaan]: Liberation; the final state into which beings
enter
when, becoming Enlightened, they are no longer bound by the
consciousness
of an illusory ego; release from samsara
nirvikalpa
samadhi [nirvikulp sumaadhi]: the highest state of
concentration,
in which the soul loses all sense of being different
from the
universal Self, but a temporary state from which there is a
return to
ego-consciousness
nirvikappa
[ ]: without the modifications of the mind
nisarga [
]: nature
nischala
bhava [nishchulaa bhuv]: steadfastness; Eternity
nishkama,
niskama [nishkaam]: desirelessness
nishkama
karma [nishkaam kurm]: acts done without a motive
nishta
[nishtha]: abidance in firm meditation
nitya
[same]: eternal
nitya
siddha [nitya siddh]: ever present
nivritti
[nivr^tti]: destruction; cessation of activity
nivritti
marga [nivr^tti maarg]: path of renunciation
niyama
[niyum]: law, rule, discipline as ordained for the second of
eight yogic
stages
O
om [same]:
a mystic syllable, used as a mantra
owpacharika
(aupacharika) [aupuchaarik]: in a worldly sense
P
padarthabhavini
[pudaarthaa bhaavinee]: absolute nonperception of
objects;
one of the seven stages of enlightenment
padmasana
[pudmaasun]: the 'lotus' yogic posture
panchakshari
[punchaak^shaari]: a mantra of five syllables sacred to
Siva
pandit [pundeet]:
learned man; scholar; man of wisdom
para
[puraa]: higher; supreme; other; in Tantricism, unmanifest sound
para
bhakti [puraa bhukti]: supreme devotion
para nadi
[puraa naadi]: a yogic nerve
para vibhuti
[puraa vibhooti]: superior vibhuti
parabraham
[purubruhm]: the Absolute
Parabrahman [ ]: the Supreme
Absolute
param
[purum]: transcendental
paramahamsa
[purumuhums]: a sannyasin who has attained
Self-realization
paramakash
[purumukush]: the Absolute
paramapada
[purumupaad]: Supreme state
paramarthika
[paarumaarthik]: Absolute; true Self
paramarthika
satyam (p. satyan) [paarumaarthik sutyum]: absolute
reality
paramatma(n)
[purumaatma(n)]: the Supreme Self; Universal Brahman
paramita
[purumit]: a means of crossing to the further shore,
thereby
entering Nirvana
paranchi khani
[puraanchi khaani]: outgoing
parantapa
[puruntup]: Arjuna, as 'he who destroys his enemy'
pareccha
[purechchhaa; conjunct 'ch' and 'chh', pronounced with no
vowel
between]: by another's will
parinama vada
[purinaam vaad]: the theory of Brahman changing into
the world
parinirvana
[purinirvaan]: beyond nirvana; used to indicate that the
concept of
nirvana as the blissful opposite of samsara doesn't point
to the
final realization
paripurnam
[puripoornum]: the perfect state
paroksha
[purok^sh]: hearsay; indirect
phala
[phul; NOT ful]: fruit; the result of an act
phala
chaitanyam [phul chaitunyum]: knowledge
phala data
[phul daataa]: dispenser of the results of our acts
phala
sruti [phul sh^ruti]: description of the result of an act
pisacha(s)
[pish^uchaa]: demon(s)
poorna
(see purna)
pradakshina
[pruduk^shin]: going around a sacred person or place
pradeepta
[prudeept]: shining brightly
prajna
[praaj^na]: consciousness; awareness; highest wisdom,
transcendent
wisdom; also employed as a synonym for the universal
'substance'
prajnana
[pruj^naan]: full consciousness
prajnana
Knowledge
prakriti
[prukriti]: nature; primal substance out of which all
things are
created; Maya; causal matter; also called shakti
pralaya
[pruluya]: complete merging; dissolution (of the world)
pramada
[prumaad]: swerving from abidance in the Absolute
pramana [prumaan]:
means of valid knowledge
pramata(r)
[prumaat(
pramoda
[prumod]: joy higher than moda
prana
[praan]: life-force, breath, vital air that goes up
pranasakti
[praanush^ukti]: the power of the vital forces
pranava
[prunuv]: another term for
pranava
japa [prunuv jup]: incantation of
pranayama
[praanaayum]: breath control
prapatti
[pruputti]: surrender
prapti
[praapti]: attainment
prarabdha
[praarubdh]: the part of one's karma (destiny) to be
worked out
in this life
prasad(a)
[prusaad(a)]: divine blessing; food which has been offered
to God and
afterwards distributed among the devotees
prasthana
traya [prusthaan truya]: the threefold canon of Vedanta
(Upanishads, Brahma Sutras, and
Bhagavad Gita)
pratibhasika
satya [praatibhaasik sutya]: illusory reality as it
appears to
an individual
pratikam
[pruteekum]: symbol
pratikriya
[prutikriyaa]: remedy
pratyabhijna
[prutyubhij^na]: recognition
pratyahara
[prutyaahaar]: withdrawal of senses from objectivity;
fifth rung
in the Raja Yoga ladder
pratyaksha
[prutyuk^sh]: direct, immediate
Pratyeka-Buddha [prutyek buddh]:
one who achieves Enlightenment on
his own
and who does not then go forth to preach the Dharma
pravritti [pruvr^tti]:
pursuing what is desirable
pravritti
marga [pruvr^tti maarg]: path of action
prayaschitta
[praayush^chitt]: a rite for expiating sin
prayatna
[pruyutna]: proper and adequate effort
prema
[prem]: divine love [for God]
preta
[pret]: a hungry, tantalized ghost, led by evil karma into
that sad
but temporary state of existence
prithvi
(prthvi) [pr^thvi]: earth
priya
[same]: joy; dear
puja [pooj]:
ceremonial worship with flowers, water etc.
punya
[same]: merit
puraka
[pooruk]: inhalation
purana
[puraan]: old; eighteen ancient books of stories embodying
religious
symbolism, attributed to Vyasa
puri [puree]:
city
puriashtaka
[puriushtuk]: subtle body consisting of eight phases
purna
(purnam) [poorn(uM)]: full; infinite; complete
purusha
(purusa) [purush]: man; spirit, soul; applied sometimes to
God as the living principle; the Self
which abides in the heart of
all things
purushakara
[purushukaar]: personal effort
purushartha
[purushaartha]: human ends; objectives worthy of human
pursuit
(dharma, artha,
purushottama
[ ]: Supreme Divine Being
purva
[poorv]: previous
purva
paksha [poorv puk^sh]: arguments advanced by the opponent
purva
samskara [poorv sumskaar]: latent tendencies
R
Raja Yoga [raaj yog]: the principle
system of Yoga as taught by
Patanjali
rajas
[rujus]: one of the three primal qualities - described as red,
the principle
of activity; energy; passion; restlessness
rajju-sarpa
[rujju surp]: rope-snake; a rope looking like a snake in
a dim
light
randhra [
]: aperature; see Brahmarandhra
rasa
[rus]: bliss
rasasvada
[rusaasvaad]: taste of bliss in the absence of thoughts
ravi marga
[ruvi maarg]: path of the sun
rechaka
[rechuk]: exhalation
rishi
(rshi) [r^shi]: a seer; a sage
Rudra [rudruH]: Siva in his aspect
as Destroyer
rupa
[roop]: beautiful form
S
sabdanuviddha
[sh^ubdunuviddh]: associated with sound
sad guru
[sud guru]: true guru
Sada Siva [sudaa sh^iv]: Siva as eternal goodness
sadhak(a)
[saadhuk]: a spiritual aspirant; one who follows a method
of
spiritual discipline; the stage following mumuksku, where the
seeker
becomes convinced that he is the beingness or consciousness
sadhana [saadhun]:
method of spiritual practice; path
sadhana-chatushtaya
[saadhun chutushtuya]: the four qualifications
expected
in an aspirant
sadhu
[saadhu]: ascetic; sage; pious or righteous man; a sanyasin
sadhu seva
[saadhu sev]: service rendered to sages
sadhya [
]: thing to be accomplished
sadsisya
[sudsh^ishya]: true disciple
sadyomukti
[sudyomukti]: immediate Liberation
saguna
[sugun]: with attributes
saguna upasana
[sugun upaasun]: meditation on Brahman with attributes
Sagunabrahman [sugunubruhm]: the
Absolute conceived of as endowed
with
qualities
sahaja
[suhuj]: natural; one's natural state
sahaja jnani
[suhuj j^naani]: sage in the state of sahaja nirvikalpa
samadhi
sahaja
nirvikalpa samadhi [suhuj nirvikulp sumaadhi]: natural state
of
absorption in the Self with no concepts
sahaja
samadhi [suhuj sumaadhi]: samadhi which comes naturally and
is present
always
sahasradala
[ ]: the thousand petalled lotus; center of illumination
in crown
of the head
sahasrara
[suhusraar]: the highest yogic center located in the brain
sajatiya
[sujaateeya]: of the same kind
sakama
[sukaam]: with desire
sakshat
[suk^shaat]: here and now
sakshatkaram
[suk^shaatkaarum]: direct realization
sakshi(n)
[suk^shi(n)]: witness; the Self
sakti
(shakti) [sh^ukti]: power; energy; force
sakti pata
[sh^ukti paat]: descent of divine power on a person
sama
[sum]: equal, common
samadhi
[sumaadhi]: advanced state of meditation; absorption in the
Self; Oneness; the mind becoming
identified with the object of
meditation
samana [
]: one of the ten vital airs
samanya
[saamaanya]: common, general, ordinary
samasta
[sumust]: whole
samatva
[sumutva]: equality
sambodhi
[sumbodhi]: Supreme Enlightenment
sambogakaya
[ ]: the body in which Enlightened Beings enjoy the
rewards of
liberation from worldly things and in which they can
appear to other
beings in insubstantial form
samjna
[sumj^na]: discernment
samjnana
[sumj^naan]: awareness; perception
samkalpa(s)
[sumkulp]: fancies
samrajya
[saamraajya]: empire
samsara
[sumsaar]: the realm of relativity, transience and illusion;
the
process of worldly life; the bondage of life, death and rebirth
samskara(s)
[sumskaar]: innate tendencies; impressions created by
previous
actions and thoughts
samskrta
[sumskr^t]: the impermanent; Chinese yu wei
samvid [
]: true awareness
samvit
[sumvit]: consciousness; knowledge
samyak-sambodhi
[sumyuk sumbodhi]: Supreme Enlightenment
samyamana
[ ]: one-pointedness of mind
sanchita
(s. karma) [sunchit kurm]: accumulated karma of former
births
that still remains to be experienced
sandeha
[sundeha]: doubt
sanga
[sung]: association; brotherhood
sangsara
[sumsaar]: see samsara
sankalpa [
]: intention; thought; desire; imagination; volition,
mental
activity, tendencies and attachments
Sankhya [saankhya]: one of the six
systems of Indian philosophy
sannidhi
[sunnidhi]: presence
sannyasa
(sanyasa) [sunnyaas]: asceticism, renunciation
sannyasasrama
[sunnyusaash^rum]: the last of the four stations of
life
sannyasi(n)
[sunnyaasi(n)]: an ascetic; one who belongs to the
fourth
stage of life
santi
[sh^aanti]: peace
santodanta
[ ]: one who is calm and self-controlled
sanyasin
[sunnyaasin]: see sannyasin
sarira
[sh^ureer]: body
sariri
[sh^ureeri]: dweller in the body
sarira
traya [sh^ureer truya]: the three bodies, namely the
physical,
subtle and causal
sarupa [
]: with form; having form
sarva
[surv]: all
sarvajna
[survuj^na]: omniscient
sarvajnatvam
[survuj^nutvum]: omniscience
sarvatma
bhava [survaatma bhaav]: abidance in Oneness
Sarvesvara [survesh^vur]: the
supreme Lord
sastra
(shastra) [sh^aastra]: scripture; science; a sacred treatise
or a
commentary on a sutra
sat [sut]:
good; existence; being; reality
sat-chit-ananda
[sut chit aanund]: being-consciousness-bliss
satsang(a)
[sutsung]: association with the wise
sattva (satva,
sattwa) [suttva]: purity; one of the three primal
qualities
of prakriti - described as white
sattvapatti
[sutvaaputti]: realization; one of the seven stages of
enlightenment
sattvic
[saattvik]: pure
satya
[sutya]: Truth; the real
savikalpa
samadhi [suvikulp sumaadhi]: a state of concentration in
which the
distinction between the knower, knowledge and known is not
yet lost
sayujya
[saayujya]: union; identity
shadadhara
[shudaadhaar]: the six yogic centers
Shakti [sh^ukti]: see sakti,
prakriti; represented mythologically as
the wife
of a god; Reality; Self; Power of Creation
shastra
[sh^aastra]: see sastra
siddha
[same]: one who has acquired supernatural powers and is
capable of
working miracles; a perfected Yogi
siddhi
[same]: supernatural power; realization; attainment
sila
[sh^eel]: the moral precepts observed by Buddhism
sishya
[sh^ishya]: disciple; fit student
Siva [sh^iv]:
God as destroyer and restorer of worlds
Sivoham [sh^ivohum]: I am Siva
sloka
[sh^lok]: a stanza in Sanskrit; a verse of praise
Skanda [skunduH]: younger son of
Siva; leader of the divine hosts
skandha [
]: one of the five components (skandhas) of personality;
inherited
tendencies, physical and mental
smriti
[smr^ti]: memory; scriptures other than the Vedas
soham
[sohum]: I am He (Brahman)
sparsa
[spursh^]: touch
sphurana
(sphurna) [sphurun]: manifestation; throbbing or breaking;
bursting
forth; vibration
sraddha
[sh^ruddhaa]: faith; earnestness
sravaka
[sh^ruvuk?]: one who approaches the Dharma as a result of
hearing it
preached
sravana
[sh^ruvun]: hearing of the Truth, from the Guru
srishti drishti
[sr^shti dr^shti]: gradual creation
srota
[sh^rot]: hearer
srotra
[sh^rotra]: ear
sruti
[sh^ruti]: sacred text; Vedas, heard by sages in their
transcendental
state and transmitted to disciples by word of mouth
sthitaprajna
[sthitupraaj^na?]: one established in wisdom
sthiti
[same]: being; existing
sthula
[sthool]: gross
sthula
sarira [sthool sh^ureer]: physical body
stotram
[stotrum]: hymn of praise
stuti
[same]: devotional singing
subhechcha
[sh^ubechchh; conjunct 'ch' and 'chh']: desire for
enlightenment;
one of the seven stages of enlightenment
suddha
[sh^uddh]: pure
suddha
sattva [sh^uddh suttva]: essentially pure
suddha
sattva svarupa [sh^uddh suttva svuroop]: the form of purity
sukha
[same]: happiness
sukha
asana [sukh aasun]: easy and comfortable sitting posture
sukshma
[sook^shm]: subtle
sukshma
sarira [sook^shm sh^ureer]: subtle body
sunya
[sh^oonya]: blank; the Void
sunyata [
]: the emptiness of all separate things; the impermanence
and
unreality of all forms
sunyavadin
[sh^oonuvaadin]: nihilist
sushumna
(susumna) [sushumn]: one of the yogic nerves, through which
the
kundalini rises
sushupti
(susupti) [sushupti]: dreamless sleep
sutra
[sootra]: string; aphorism; actual teaching attributed to
Gautama Buddha or very occasionally
someone else
suvasana
[suvaasunaa]: good tendency
svagata
[svugut]: within itself
svami
[svaami]: see swami
svapna [svupna]:
dream; dreaming state
svarga
[svurg]: heaven
svaroopa
(swarupa) [svuroop]: essential nature; true nature of
Being; real form, unconditioned by
rajas (activity) and tamas
(inertia)
svarupa
nishta [svuroop nishtha]: abidance in the Self
swami
[svaami]: mystic or yogi; one who is in control of himself;
one's own
master
swaraj
[svuraaj]: independence
swatantra
[svutuntra]: independence
swechcha
[svechchh; conjunct 'ch' and 'chh']: of one's own will
T
tadakaranilai
[tudaakaarunilai]: abiding in the form of That (the
Self)
taijasa
[taijus]: the individual being in dream; brilliance
tamas
[tumus]: inertia; darkness; ignorance; ego; one of the three
primal
qualities - described as black
tanha
[tunhaa]: thirst (for living)
tanmatra(s)
[tunmaatra]: elements in their subtle forms
tanmaya
[tunmuya]: full of the Self
tanmaya
nishta [tunmuya nishtha]: abidance in the Self
tanumanasa
[tunumaanus]: tenuous mind; one of the seven stages of
enlightenment
tapas
(tapasya) [tupus (tupusyaa)]: austerity
tapobhrashta
[tupobhrusht]: one who has fallen away from his
auterities
tapta-aya-pindavat
[tupt uya pinduvut]: like a red-hot iron ball
Tat [tut]: That; Brahman
Tat tvam asi
[tut tvum usi]: 'That thou art'
Tathagata [tuthaagut]: a Buddha,
literally the Thus-Gone; the
Suchness of all Dharmas
tathata [
]: Suchness; essence of mind; Buddha-nature; Tao; true Self
tattva
[tuttva]: truth; essence of a thing
tattva
bhoda [tuttva bodh]: knowledge of the Truth
tattva
jnana [tuttva j^naan]: knowledge of Brahman or Atman
tattvam
[tuttvuM]: Reality; Truth
tejas
[tejus]: effulgence
tejo rupa [tejo
rup]: of the form of light
tejomaya
[tejomuya]: full of light
tirtha
[teertha]: a sacred river or tank
Tripitaka [ ]: the entire
collection of Buddhist scriptures
triputi
[same]: triad like seer, seen and seeing
turavu
(Tamil) [turuvu]: renunciation
turiyatita
(turiwateeta) [tureeyaatit]: beyond the fourth state; the
Self
turya
(turiya) [same]: the fourth state beyond waking, dreaming and
deep sleep;
ever present and unchanging witness-Consciousness
turyaga
[turyugaa]: beyond words; one of the seven stages of
enlightenment
tyaga
[tyaag]: giving up
U
udana [udaan]:
one of the vital airs, having its seat in the neck,
controlling
the intake of food and air
udasinam
[udaaseenum]: indifference
upadesa
[upudesh^]: instruction or guidance of a Guru
upadhi
[upaadhi]: limiting adjunct; subtitle; body-related
Upanisad(s) [upunishud]:
philosophical writings forming part of the
Vedas; knowledge portion of the
Vedas
upasaka
[upaasuk]: meditator; layman who lives according to certain
strict rules
upasana
[upaasun]: meditation; contemplation
upasana
sthana [upaasun sthaan]: seat of meditation
uttama [
]: highest grade
V
vac (vak)
[vaac]: speech
vachyartha
[vaachyaartha]: literal meaning
vada
[vaad]: theory; disputation
vaikhari
[vaikhuri]: audible sound
Vaikuntha [vaikuntha]: the abode of
Vishnu
vairagya
[vairaagya]: dispassion; nonattachment
Vaishnavite (Vaishnav) [vaishnuv]:
worshipper of Vishnu
vajra
[vujra]: imperishable, real, ultimate; literally diamond or
adamantine
Vajrayana [ ]: the school of
Mahayana Buddhism prevalent in Tibet
and
varistha
[vurishtha]: the most excellent
varnasrama
dharma [vurnaash^rum dhurm]: dharma of the various castes
and stages
of life
vasana [vaasun]:
habit of the mind; latent tendency, impression or
predisposition
due to experiences of former lives; subtle desire
vasana
kshaya [vaasun k^shuya]: cessation of vasanas
vastu
[vustu]: substance; reality
vastutah
[vustutuH]: in reality
Vasudeva [vaasudev]: Krishna as the
son of Vasudeva, the Lord who
created
the world
vayu
[vaayuH]: air; vital breath; the Wind god
Veda [ved]: sacred lore; scriptures
revealed through the Rishis
(Rig, Yajur, Sama and Atharva
Vedas)
vedana
[vedunaa]: reception of sensation
Vedanta [vedaant]: absolute Truth
as established by the Upanishads,
Brahma Sutras, and Bhagavad Gita as
interpreted by Vyasa; the end or
consummation
of the Vedas
veena
[veen]: a stringed instrument
vibhakti
[vibhukti]: separation
vibhuti
[vibhooti]: sacred ashes; God's glory; supernatural power
vichara
[vichaar]: inquiry into the true nature of the Self
vichara
marga [vichaar maarg]: spiritual path of inquiry
vicharana
[vichaarun]: investigation; one of the seven stages of
enlightenment
videha
mukta [videha mukt]: a liberated being after he has left the
body
videha
mukti [videha mukti]: Self-realization after leaving the body
vidya
[vidyaa]: knowledge (of Brahman)
vijatiya
[vijaatiya]: of a different kind
vijnana
[vij^naan]: spiritual knowledge; discriminating the real
from the
unreal; principle of pure intelligence
vijnanamaya
kosa [vij^naanumuya kosh^]: sheath of the intellect
vijnanatma
[vij^nunutma]: the ignorant self
vijnata
[vij^naataa]: knower
vikalpa(s)
[vikulp]: doubt(s)
vikshepa
[vik^shep]: diversity
vikshipta
[vik^shipt]: distracted
vinaya
[vinuya]: the discipline practiced by Buddhist monks; humility
viparita
[vipureet]: contrary
virat
[viraat]: macrocosm; totality of gross beings; the physical
world
virya
[veerya]: zeal; vitality
visesha
[vish^esh]: particular; special
vishaya
[vishuya]: object
Vishnu [vishnu]:
God as preserver
vishya
vasana(s) [-?- vaasun]: predisposition toward sense enjoyments
visishta
[vish^isht]: qualified
visishtadvaitin
[vish^ishtaadvaitin]: one who believes in a modified
form of
non-duality
visranti
[vish^raanti]: repose
visva
[visva]: the individual being in the waking state; the all
visvarupa
(v. darsana) [visvuroop dursh^un]: God seen as the universe
vivarta
vada [vivurt vaad]: theory that Brahman appears as the
world,
soul and God, like a rope appears as a snake, without itself
undergoing
any change
vivechana
[vivechun]: discrimination
viveka
[vivek]: wisdom; discrimination between the Real and the
unreal;
disciminative inquiry
viyoga
[viyog]: separation
vritti
[vr^tti]: modification of the mind; mental concept;
thought-wave
vyakta [
]: the karma-bound individuality
vyakti [
]: the transient personality
vyana
[vyaan]: one of the ten vital airs, causing the circulation of
the blood
vyaptam
[vyaaptum]: pervaded
Vyasa [ ]: the great sage who wrote the Brahma Sutras
vyashti
[vyushti]: part
vyavahara
(vyavaharika) [vyuvuhaar (vyaavuhaarik)]: empirical
vyavahara
satya [vyuvuhaar sutya]: phenomenal existence
Y
yaga
[yaag]: ritualistic sacrifice
yajna
[yuj^na]: sacrifice
yama [ ]:
self-control; the first rung in the ladder of eightfold
yoga
(abstention from lying, killing, theft, lust, covetousness
etc.); also, the god of death
(Yama)
yoga
[yog]: union (with the Supreme); literally, a yoke or
discipline;
the technique of meditation whereby the individual
brings
himself into unity with the Ultimate Reality; the four paths
to this
union are jnana, the path of knowledge, karma, the path of
action,
bhakti, the path of devotion, and raja, the royal path,
which is a
synthesis of the other three; the philosophy of the sage
Patanjali
yoga
marga(s) [yog maarg]: yogic path(s)
yoga maya
[yog maayaa]: magical power
yogabhrashta
[yogubhrusht]: one who has slipped from yoga
yogarudha
[yogaaroodh]: one who has attained yoga
yogi
[same]: follower of a path of yoga
Yogiraja [yogiraaj]: king of yogis;
Sri Vasudeva
yugapat
srishti [yuguput sr^shti]: simultaneous creation
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